英语修辞与写作——夸张与低调陈述   　　夸张(Hyperbole)   　　夸张是一种故意夸大其词或言过其实(overstatement)的修辞手法。深圳新世界英语学校小编认为夸张的特点是对表达对象进行有违常识或不合逻辑的夸张性描写，以此给读者留下深刻和鲜明的印象。 　　例句A: It's a crime to stay inside on such a beautiful day.今天阳光明媚，躲在家中实在太遗憾了（名词a crime是对a great pity的夸大，表示“遗憾之极”的意思。)例句B: Noise proves nothing: often a hen who has merely laid an egg cackles as if she hadlaid an asteroid.嗓门大证明不了什么事情:只生下一只蛋的母鸡也会咯咯叫，像是生下了小行星似的。(用虚拟语气表示夸张。)   　　低调陈述(Understatement )   　　低调陈述是恰与夸张相对的一种修辞格。深圳新世界英语学校提示大家低调陈述的基本用法是在陈述事物时有意采取低调的措辞，轻描淡写，借含蓄与弱化的语言形式表示强调。 　　例句A： Retired Marine Colonel John V. Brennan contracted with the secretive arms dealer to sell Iraq$181 million worth of uniforms. According to a lawsuit filed last March, former VicePresident Spiro Agnew served as an "intermediary" between the two. How much money didAgnew make in the deal? Soghnanlian, the dealer, says, "He did not go hungry.”退休的海军陆战队上校布雷南和这个秘密的军火商签订合同，卖给伊拉克价值1.81亿美元的制服、根据今年3月份提出的起诉，前副总统阿格纽在双方之间充当了“中间人”。阿格纽从中赚了多少?军大商苏格南林说:‘他没挨饿。”( “He did not go hungry.”等于“He made a lot ofmoney.”。) 　　例句B: I know he is honest, and I wish I could add he were capable.我知进他是诚实的，令人遗憾的是他不够能干。（用“希望他是能干的”这样的虚拟句式将他的无能弱化。)